What are humidifiers?

Humidifiers are basically machines which take up the responsibility to increase the level of RH (moisture content) in the air at a given period of time under specific conditions. Humidifiers are units which help in giving a solution when the air is very dry. Humidifiers are required in various applications. They are different kinds.

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To start with, humidifiers are of two major types:

  1. Isothermal Humidifiers
  2. Adiabatic Humidifiers

The Isothermal Humidifiers are systems which make use of gas and also electricity at times to convert the water into steam. This means that these machines use an external source of heat and changes the state of water into steam. Isothermal Humidifiers are also called as Steam Humidifiers. Here, the consumed energy from the external source is approximately 1000 BTU/LB of moisture content.

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The different kinds of Isothermal Humidifiers or Steam Humidifiers are;

    • Centralized Steam Distributors:

These systems have nozzles which are distributed throughout the height and length of the pipes. Hence, these units deliver the steam evenly.

    • Gas-fired Steam Humidifiers:

The gas fired Steam Humidifiers are units which are available in different capacities like 50, 60, or 90 kg/hour. These gas fired units are made to run on LPG or even natural gas. These units also have the capability of running on other kinds of gases by changing few settings in the system. The electronic controller helps manage the same.

    • Heater Humidifiers:

Heater Humidifiers are high precision type machines. These have a range from a 1 to 100 kg/hour capacity. The heater humidifiers have a a controller which is a part of the machine and it also has a graphic interface which is an in built feature of the unit. These sophisticated and new software functions of the unit make it more dependable and versatile. The connectivity of this unit allows communication with any kind of BMS systems. The Heater humidifiers are majorly used as high end humidifier solutions.

    • Immersed Electrode Humidifiers:

The immersed electrode humidifiers work and function on a very simple and basic principle. We know that drinking water consists of few salt minerals in it and this water is also conductive. So, when we apply a voltage to these metal electrodes which are immersed in the water, a current is generated. This current will then heat up the water till it boils and hence steam is produced. When compared to the electric type or gas type humidifiers, the immersed electrode humidifiers are less expensive. These can work just with normal water or drinking water.

The Adiabatic Humidifiers are systems which make use of mechanical energy to produce particles of water and this water results in evaporation to or from the media. Around 1000 BTU/LB of moisture content is the energy which is extracted from the air stream. The Adiabatic Humidifiers are also well known as the Evaporative Humidifiers. The different kinds of Adiabatic Humidifiers or Evaporation Humidifiers are;

    • Centrifugal:

The Centrifugal humidifiers are machines which have a spinning disk inside the system. This spinning disk atomizes the water and converts the same into small droplets of water. A built in fan inside this humidifier will then blow these water droplets into the environment and evaporation takes place by humidifying and also cooling the air. This is the process of the centrifugal humidifiers.

    • Ultrasonic:

These are compact machines. The ultrasonic Humidifiers are small units and can be easily installed on fan coils and has the capability for room distribution. The ultrasonic humidifiers have a small tank for storage of water and at the bottom of this tank there are piezoelectric transducers. The transducer surface starts vibrating at a high speed. Here, a void gets created and small microscopic kind of bubbles are produced. This bubbles are then pushed to the surface of the water. This results in a cavitation effect. During this complete process, the sound waves which are generated and created under the water surface cause tiny water droplets to separate. This forms vapor like fine mist which is immediately absorbed by the air flow.

This is called as the ultrasound technology for humidifiers. The ultrasonic humidifiers operate at very low temperature levels too.

    • Compressed Air and Water Atomisers:

Compressed air and water atomisers work on the concept of compressors. These are very common humidification solutions. When compresses air is available, compressed air and water atomisers come into picture. Many industrial applications need the compressed air humidifiers or compressed air and water atomisers.

    • Pressurized water Humidifiers:

Pressurized water humidifiers are a bit different when compared to the other common types of humidifiers. The pressurized water humidifiers make use of the the potential energy which is transferred into the water. This is done by a volumetric pump which contains very high pressure. This procedure results in very fine atomization and all this carried out by special nozzles. The most common example for the pressurized water humidifiers would be the AHU’s.

    • Atomizers evaporative cooling:

The atomizers evaporative cooling humidifiers are based on the concept of “Evaporative cooling” technology. This is a process where the air is cooled by the water via evaporation process. Now, without having the external energy involvement, the water which is atomized or dispersed in the air have to be of extremely small and fine droplets which also have very low tension than that of the surrounding air, hence evaporating the air. This is the atomisers evaporative cooling.

There are various applications for humidifiers such as the Industrial Manufacturing, Food and Beverages, Human Health needs Humidifiers, Data centers, In duct evaporative cooling, Wood and Plastic kind of industries, etc.

We understand through these applications that all kinds of industries and sectors need humidification technology to control the level of moisture content at the right and permitted levels.